
3.3 Streams and I/O
If you know that a file contains only single-byte characters, you can improve the efficiency of stream operations by specifying the value of the:element-type keyword argument as'base-character. If a file can contain either single-byte or double-byte characters, specify the value as'character so that the stream can correctly read both single-byte and double-byte characters.
To retain bits and font attributes in a file, specify the value of the:element-type keyword argument as'augmented-character. In this case, characters are written in a binary format and the:external-format keyword argument is ignored.

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